Mapping Brazil’s Green Ammonia Projects

Brazil’s green ammonia pipeline is often presented as a collection of large renewable hydrogen projects. A closer look at their locations, products and intended customers reveals a more structured market.

The northeast is developing export-oriented projects around renewable energy and ports. The southeast combines port infrastructure with existing industry and large fertilizer demand. In the south, smaller plants are emerging closer to agricultural users. Together, these projects outline three possible development models—but they remain a pipeline, not an operating green ammonia industry.

One Country, Three Project Models

Several representative projects illustrate the differences:

These projects differ not only in scale. Their locations determine how electricity is sourced, whether port infrastructure is essential and how the final product reaches customers.

Northeast: Export Hubs Lead in Scale

Ceará’s Pecém complex represents the most visible Brazilian model: converting northeastern wind and solar resources into hydrogen derivatives for international markets.

Casa dos Ventos, Comerc and the TransHydrogen Alliance announced a project with up to 2.4 GW of electrolysis and potential production of 2.2 million tonnes of green ammonia annually. The first phase was proposed for shipment to Europe through Rotterdam. The developers’ announcement shows how European demand, port storage and maritime transport can support million-tonne ambitions.

However, this remains an announced development under an MoU. It should not be interpreted as a plant under construction. This distinction applies to much of Brazil’s export pipeline: the proposed capacity is enormous, but FID and binding long-term offtake remain decisive milestones.

Southeast: Green Ammonia Meets Industry

The southeast offers a different combination of ports, industrial consumers and agricultural markets.

At the Port of Açu, Fuella has reserved land and signed an MoU for a water-electrolysis project of up to 520 MW, capable of producing around 400,000 tonnes of green ammonia per year. The product could be exported or consumed domestically. The developer originally targeted FID within four years of the 2024 announcement and first production by 2030. Port of Açu’s disclosure positions the project between export infrastructure and industrial use.

Further inland, Atlas Agro’s Uberaba Green Fertilizer project is structured around domestic agriculture. It plans to use renewable electricity, water and air to produce green hydrogen, ammonia and more than 500,000 tonnes of ammonium nitrate fertilizer annually. Atlas Agro’s project description estimates investment at approximately US$1 billion.

Unlike a pure export project, Uberaba converts ammonia into a product for Brazilian farmers. A long-term supply agreement with sugar and ethanol producer Tereos, disclosed in late 2025, provides evidence of an emerging local offtake market. The agreement would allow Tereos to replace part of its conventional nitrogen consumption. Nevertheless, a publicly confirmed FID or construction start has not yet been identified.

South: Small Plants Target Local Agriculture

Rio Grande do Sul provides the clearest evidence that Brazil’s market may extend below large industrial scale.

BeGreen’s Passo Fundo project is designed to produce approximately 2,000 tonnes of green ammonia annually, together with ammonium hydroxide. In June 2025, it received the state’s first Preliminary Environmental Licence for ammonia produced from green hydrogen. The licence allows monthly production of up to 181.8 tonnes of ammonia and 225.4 tonnes of ammonium hydroxide. The state environmental authority explicitly connected the project with reducing agricultural input dependence.

A second BeGreen project in Tio Hugo received its Preliminary Licence in August 2025. Its permitted capacity reaches 363.6 tonnes of ammonia and 450 tonnes of ammonium hydroxide per month, with investment estimated at R$80 million. The Rio Grande do Sul government announcement identifies the installation licence as the next step.

As of July 2026, both projects were still completing that installation-licensing process rather than beginning commercial operation. The latest disclosed status therefore shows meaningful progress, but not yet construction.

What the Project Map Tells Us

Brazil’s largest projects demonstrate its potential to become a global green ammonia supplier. Yet the smaller southern projects may reveal a more repeatable early business model.

Agriculture already provides identifiable customers, imported products to replace and opportunities to produce ammonia or ammonia solution closer to demand. Smaller plants also require less electricity, capital and infrastructure than export hubs, allowing developers to establish operational experience before expanding.

Brazil’s project map therefore points toward parallel development. Mega-projects may define the country’s future export position, while distributed agricultural plants could show how its domestic green ammonia market begins in practice.